Education

Reflection on the Mexican Revolution

Comentarios del artículo By: Agency ( Agency ) ⋅ November 20, 2009 ⋅ Comments Article

By: Prof. Jesus del Carmen Martínez Zapata

"When the people rebelled not know how you can return to calm and quiet when we do not understand how revolutions occur." (Jean de La Bruyere).

In the dictatorship of Porfirio Diaz for 35 years in power, Mexico at the beginning achieving order, peace and progress in all areas, but in the late nineteenth and early twentieth around full of inequality and economic crisis in all areas, resulting in the emergence of various layers of society in opposition to the tyrannical regime.
Note that the precursors of the revolution and opposition to the Diaz regime were Aquiles Serdan, the Flores Magon brothers, Antonio Villareal I, John and Manuel Sarabia, Librado Rivera, Rosalio Bustamante, Castulo Herrera, Toribio Ortega, Guillermo Vaca, and Maytorena a strong anarcho-syndicalist tendency surrounded by intellectuals fighting for economic demands, and social policies such as setting an 8-hour day and better standards of living of the working classes, to regulate domestic work and home work avoid the work to persons under 14 years, forcing employers to create hygienic living conditions for workers and protect them from danger, set compensation for accidents, eliminate company stores, prohibit delays, fines and deductions to workers for his wages, avoid paying higher wages to Mexican aliens, avoid the theft of land for Yaqui, Mayan, Zapotec and other communities, preventing employers pay in another way not with cash, that teaching was secular and training to practice in school workshops and exercise manual.
With such a rebellion by this group came the strike anarchosyndicalist white river in Veracruz and the Canaanite in Sonora and other surveys because the proposed Magon flowers within the revolutionary process was that the workers take political power and transform the whole country and did not involve the peasant sector was later prosecuted and dismantled its timber movement and the U.S. government.
The Mexican Revolution begins November 20, 1910 led by Francisco I. Madero with its famous slogan: "no reelection effective suffrage," and supported by a book he had written in prison and published in 1908, and through the plan of San Luis Potosi, the achievement Madero overthrow the dictatorship of Diaz, Madero proposed: social change, knowledge of the government of Porfirio Díaz Mori, restitution of land to dispossessed communities and peoples and freedom of political prisoners.
The Mexican Revolution occurred for various reasons among which are: lack of democracy in Mexico, social inequality, economic, political and cultural, excessive slavery, treason among politicians, lack of freedom and expression in print, the arrogance of a president power hungry and sick, the aging of a presidential cabinet, the crisis in agriculture, mining, commercial, and industrial rail every day in the hands of the Americans, British, French and Japanese.
The periodic regeneration, the fair and the son of Ahuizote daily were criticized and lampooned the Diaz government through political cartoons. Moreover, in the Mexican revolution were numerous revolutionary groups that had different ideologies, interests and goals analog, which were the Madero with its leader Francisco I. Madero, Jose Maria Pino Suarez, Enrique Bordes, Juan Sanchez, Roque Estrada, Federico Gonzalez who fought for the welfare of the middle class, the Zapatistas led by Emiliano Zapata fought to recover only the lands of the lower class in the south, by Francisco Villa Villismo better known as Doroteo Arango sought only economic improvement ranchers in the north and the Constitutionalism of Venustiano Carranza, who fought for the working class to gain respect their rights and obligations through laws or constitution, and later with Adolfo de la Huerta, Alvaro Obregón, Plutarco Elias Calles and Lazaro Cardenas who lived firsthand the effects of the revolution. It is noteworthy that the Mexican Revolution was held in the nation, but more echo in the states of Chihuahua, Durango and Michoacan.
The problem of the Mexican Revolution was a farming since the chiefs seized the lands of the poor and threatened but worked over 8 hours, but obeyed, but was also social in nature due to the outbreak of inequality at work with the class proletarian political color was because in Mexico there was no democracy, just sent a group of wealthy people, Diaz then was helped by the bourgeoisie to take the federal executive and then he chose who would be the governors of the states of the republic according to their convenience, without the people opine and participate in elections, their votes were not taken into account, finally to cultural because at that time 80% of Mexico's population was illiterate and only 20% could read and write and they were the upper class (landowners, clergy).
The consequences undoubtedly brought the Mexican Revolution were the creation of the new Mexican constitution of 1917, reforming the education of Articles 3, 4 of the equality between men and women, freedom of religion 24, 27 agrarian law and respect , 123 labor law rights and obligations of the worker-employer, the Cristero movement of 1926-1929, the maximato of 1929-1936, the national and global economic crisis of 1929, the institutionalization of the political system in 1930, the nationalization of oil Mexico in 1938. There were also other effects such as: the peasants wanted the land returned to them, the workers demanding better working conditions and wages, the revolutionary generals wanted their positions of power, both economically and politically, the emerging national business groups in need of stimulus and guarantees to invest their capital, foreign capitalists demanded protection and payment for damage to their property.
Dear readers, after the Mexican Revolution in 1910 to date I wonder: Has beaten misery in Mexico?, Unhealthiness Is eradicated in all work? Have we shot the national illiteracy? Is there a true democracy in Mexico? Is it possible to eliminate economic inequality and social policy of the Mexican population? Is there freedom of expression in print today? Have we made progress in better technology in agriculture, livestock, mining, trade, oil, rail and industry? Does improved wages for farmers, workers and intellectuals and scientists? Are we done with unemployment and hunger? Is it struck impunity, assault, disease and corruption in the country? Does the farmer now produces and work the land as it did in 1910? Is it that all Mexicans enjoy good quality of life? Could it be that all workers in Mexico in private and government jobs have all health insurance, benefits and right to adequate housing?.
The answer to all questions is a resounding no, as some have advanced and new product generations are heirs of the Mexican revolution to which they are entitled to build, protect, strengthen and lead to the fulfillment of its purposes and achieving its goals, because the Mexican Revolution has not completed its task, is still practiced today. (Gilberto Loyo, 1972).
The Mexican Revolution of 1910-1917 is a national project, were as various social movements-revolutionary agricultural rate, economic, political and cultural changes which were proposed in the economic structure of capitalism emerging in advanced capitalism seeking different interests for each society sector hit by the state and momentarily culminating with the national reconstruction and the formation of post-revolutionary regime.
It is clear that the oligarchic form of government-Dictactorial Diaz did not work, let alone the claim Frenchify the country, trade liberalization also served with the most powerful countries in the world since they had other intentions as to seize and exploit companies, soil and subsoil of Mexico.
Today marks 99 years of revolution in Mexico and decided to give new stab at Mexicans, increasing high taxes on food, medicine, electricity, ownership of vehicles, communications and transport, excessive taxation by working in an office or work qualified, continues to prevail what Karl Marx in his masterpiece the Communist Manifesto stated: that exist in capitalist society for life a constant struggle between master and slave, between the operator and the operators where the employee gives her all earnings from his employer.
A Mexico does not suit another violent revolution like that experienced in the first decade of the twentieth century, because instead of improving lead us to a major disaster and material destruction, human and financial
Did little Mexican revolution, because we barely managed to be respected our rights and obligations as a citizen and worker in a job, had to die millions of Mexicans for wanting a better nation, better welfare for their families, had faith and do not succeed, but made history by demonstrating unity and that their lives, concerns, desires, and ideologies, defending their rights as a man that this country would achieve better every day.
The country, Mexicans, our families do not deserve to be beaten, robbed, looted, maimed and cheated, remember that we are of the same nationality and civil society itself is what drives companies to generate wealth and profits and therefore all deserve a life of respect, a more dignified life, without inequality and better wages and quality education for all.
Today we Mexicans distrust and concern for all the ills and problems that occur because our politicians only benefit the people of their parties and their personal needs rather than help the community, what you should do is to distribute better wealth as there are only 11 millionaire families and others in utter poverty, it is urgent to promote investment and economic activities, create more jobs possible for people with a professional degree and those without college education and above all not to forget the Mexican countryside make it more productive. That gives very clear the phrase of Benjamin Disraeli when he said that experiments mean revolutions in politics in the country was held today.
Hopefully we learn from past mistakes and future political leaders of this nation to create and put into practice a national project that is able to meet the needs of education, economic, social and political of this Mexico beaten, avoid it, violence, anarchy, envy, entertainment, today more than ever we can say and shout that we are a people more civilized and we move slowly, and when we could have been better in all areas, keep in mind that if we assume an attitude of order , peace, tolerance, solidarity, perseverance, common sense, discipline, cooperative work and continuous improvement we will do best of all it's worth it! is for our good always remember ... "the only revolution is trying to improve yourself, expecting others to do likewise" (George Brassens).

MTRO JESUS ​​MARTINEZ DEL CARMEN ZAPATA

Historian, Master in Education, Ph.D. Student in Education, a contributor to the bulletin for Historians of Tabasco, Tabasco Young Magazines, Sacríslex, Link and Jaguar Mail Weekly Tabasco.

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