General

92 years of the Political Constitution of Mexico

Comentarios del artículo By: Jesus Del Carmen Martinez Zapata ( jcarmen ) ⋅ February 5, 2009 ⋅ Comments Article

"A good constitution is infinitely better than the best despot." (Thomas Macaulay).

We welcome in this second month of 2009 and to be accurate a February 5, the anniversary of the creation and promulgation of our Constitution, supreme law that governs us in politics have passed 92 years that lawmakers ie deputies and senators has helped make numerous amendments to one of the most complete and best constitutions in the world, which we must be proud of all Mexicans.

We must remember that in drawing up the constitutions of Mexico, contributed great figures of our national history as: Miguel Ramos Arispe, José María Morelos y Pavón, José María Luis Mora, Lucas Aleman, Jose Maria Iglesias, Sebastian Lerdo de Tejada Francisco Zarco, Ignacio Comonfort, Benito Pablo Juarez Garcia and Venustiano Carranza, without them there would have been possible to have written laws to respect us as a country and laid the foundation of the rights and obligations as citizens and men of this nation.

Mexico was ruled by various political constitutions and countries invaded and looted conquered us, the constant clashes between two political groups in Mexico liberals and conservatives who ruled us with their ideology and way, is practical and tested various types of government such as theocratic government, in ancient times was an Aztec legal system was based institution of slavery but rather a system of indigenous law at the time of the Spanish colonial system of laws in the independent era laws implemented by the Spanish crown, absolute monarchy, hereditary constitutional monarchy, the empire of Iturbide, federal republic, centralized republic, empire of Maximilian of Hapsburg, oligarchy dictactorial of Porfirio Diaz Mori, the democratic government of Francisco I. Madero and Jose Maria Pino Suarez, a Maximato headed by Plutarco Elias Calles, a government with socialist overtones led by Lazaro Cardenas del Rio and now a representative democratic republic and countless federal political parties from the PRI, PAN, PRD, PVEM, PT, Convergence among others.

And speaking of political constitutions that governed us are: Constitution of Cadiz in 1812 of a liberal, developed by 300 deputy chief among them a famous Tabasco DR. Jose Eduardo Cardenas and rosemary, this constitution was a source of inspiration for our first constitution, the October 22, 1814 approved the establishment of Apatzingan, the servant of the nation which stated "freedom for the Mexican American."

I was also a charter of the federation on 31 January 1824 and October 4, 1824 issue of the liberal constitution federal republic born, on December 30, 1836 was issued the call up of the seven laws and June 14, 1843 shows the organic bases of the Mexican Republic which ratified centralism and in 1847, the Reform Act, which restored the effectiveness of the federal constitution of 1824, the February 5, 1857 was enacted the constitution of the Mexican Republic individualistic trend under President Ignacio Comonfort and finally, the February 5, 1917 is enacted our present constitution of the United Mexican States, the work of the constituent congress convened by Gutierrez and Venustiano Carranza.

In our country they have invaded the Spanish for 300 years later the British who failed in their attempt to 1822-1825, however, 1836 and 1846 and to date are dominated by the Americans, subordinates, although in 1838 and 1862 we were attacked the French with a desire to take over our territory, taking and exploiting our material and cultural wealth.

It is clear, according to Felipe Tena Ramírez that the constitution "is the supreme law of the country, issued by the constituent power in the exercise of sovereignty and that is to organize public powers creating them and giving them competition and to protect against public certain individual rights. "

The constitution comes to fighting for the independence of our country, defending and seeking freedom, equality, fraternity, property and legal certainty, the constant struggles between liberals and conservatives, to avoid invasion by the imperialist countries, the war of reform, the Porfiriato, the Mexican Revolution, Cristero War, the Maximato, the Massacre of Tlatelolco 68, strikes at Cananea and Rio Blanco, seedlings of the various unions of doctors, railway workers, teachers and the Zapatista movement for national liberation in 1994, had to be bloodshed, destruction of houses, factories, farms, looting, vandalism in public, to eradicate the existing anarchy and to create a document more consistent able to solve the social, political, economic and cultural rights of Mexican citizens.

It is said that the constitution is a document that plays an important role because it rules the lives of citizens, currently consists of 136 articles and 19 transitional different sections, subsections in constant reforms and amendments attached to the existing problems in Mexican society.

The constitution is thus a historical document result of social conflicts and the struggle of interests that multiple rebel groups expressed during the revolutionary process, and this is reflected in the definition and guidance of its laws and the type of institutions that emerge from application.

We can say that unfortunately the Mexican constitution works, works and is flexible only for those who have power, money, influence, fame, popularity and relationships, but for people without power are just ordinary civilians and not have exorbitant salaries then the constitution is rigid and inviolable.

Or doubt, it is that Mexico is a country of a universe of laws, is a young nation with excellent political, Mexico is a republic which is worth living, we fight together for combat inequality and economic backwardness, political and social environment in which we find ourselves, I say goodbye dear readers, with many unknowns that are flying in the air: Is fully respected Article 3 and 4 of the constitution? Is there freedom of religion in the workplace and schools? Do you respect our 8 hours of work with a living wage to live with our families? Does the Union Congress has created laws for our needs and problems to enjoy being? Have you respected the freedom of expression in Mexico throughout its history? Will one day end the use of force of power over others? How long will our Constitution be applied impartially without privileges for anyone under the law? Does the law fully when they violate or infringe a citizen with power and money? Does it come all criminal prosecutions, civil business against the accused? How long will our honorable Congress will create more laws that meet the needs of the working class?.

Hopefully, one day less than expected, we have a solution to all the abuses and injustices in which society has been and that our constitution work and acted according to law for a more just Mexico, prosperous and above all the legal rules govern us will adhere strictly to the letter, our legislators and the judiciary has the final say, Long live our Constitution! ...

Author: Prof. Jesus del Carmen Martínez Zapata

Historian, Master in Education, Juchiman Silver Winner, Member of the Association of Historians of Tabasco, State Prize winner and National Youth Academic, Educational level UIS Master, Doctoral Student in Education.

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